KATHMANDU: Since the start of this year's monsoon season, there have been nine Japanese encephalitis (JE) deaths in Nepal. 53 instances of JE have been detected since July 30, according to the Department of Health Services' Family Welfare Division (FWD). Compared to the six deaths reported in the previous year, there have been more deaths this year.

The deaths happened in multiple districts, according to Dr. Abhiyan Gautam, chief of Child Health and Immunization Services: three in Kailali, two in Sunsari, and one in each of Sarlahi, Palpa, Chitwan, and Kapilvastu. Infections have increased in many districts, especially in the Terai area.

According to Dr. Gautam, the monsoon season's months of Shrawan (mid-July to mid-August) and Bhadra (mid-August to mid-September) are when the danger of Japanese encephalitis peaks. Authorities have increased preventive efforts because of the high fatality rate from JE.

Although there have been fewer cases recorded this year than last, the death rate has increased, mostly as a result of unvaccinated people. Of the 53 instances, 29 involve children under the age of 15, underscoring the youth demographic's susceptibility.

In order to avert deaths, Dr. Gautam stressed the significance of vaccination. Since the JE vaccination has been widely distributed, most fatalities have been people who had not received the shot. He encouraged everyone to benefit from the immunization campaign in order to lower the danger.

The main source of Japanese encephalitis is female Culex mosquitoes. Severe headaches, elevated temperature, and inflammation of the brain are some of the symptoms. Survivors may experience long-term side effects including paralysis even after receiving treatment.

The FWD has advised people to take preventative measures against mosquito bites and to vaccinate oneself in order to protect themselves. The danger of infection is enhanced during the monsoon season by the surge in mosquito populations brought on by high humidity and inadequate sanitation.

Pigs and birds are the main hosts of the JE virus, which is transmitted to humans through mosquito bites. A high fever, headaches, body aches, and even coma can result from severe instances, which are more common in places where mosquito activity is higher and afflict vulnerable populations.

While there is no specific treatment for Japanese Encephalitis, medical care focuses on treating symptoms. Preventive measures such as vaccination are the most effective way to combat the spread of the disease.

To lower their chance of getting bitten by mosquitoes, health professionals advise wearing long sleeves, using repellents or mosquito netting, and keeping yourself clean. Another way to stop mosquito reproduction is to remove any standing water surrounding homes.

Dr. Gautam stressed that the public should remain vigilant until mid-September when the risk is highest. Immediate medical attention is recommended for anyone experiencing symptoms consistent with Japanese Encephalitis.

With the continued efforts of health authorities, including vaccination campaigns and public awareness initiatives, the goal is to reduce both the number of infections and the mortality rate associated with JE during this high-risk season.